Dual exhaust port and valve cooling arrangement



Oct. 13, 1931.

DUAL EXHAUST PORT AND VALVE COOLING ARRANGEMENT R. JARDINE Filed June 26, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I .n In

INVENTOR fY abe r6772 11/ l n 6.

ATT NEY Oct. 13, 1931. R. JARDINE 1,827,699

' DUAL EXHAUST PORT AND V ALVE COOLING ARRANGEMENT Filed June 26, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 :IIIIIIIIi/i INVENTOR Patented Oct. 13, 1931 UNITED .s-I

TES PATENT. OFFICE 7 R BERT JARDINE, OI- DET OIT; MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR 'ro' wILcox-RIoII CORPORATION,

' A CORPORATION or MICHIGAN D'O'AL EXHAUST PORT AND VALVE COOLING ARRANGEMENT Application filed June 26,

"divergent from a valve seat .openlng and spaced from a substantially cylindrical stem A guide throughout approximately the entire length thereof. v

The Patent No. 1,735,865 granted to the present applicant onNo vember 19, 1929, discloses and claims a construction tending in the general direction of the present invention in that a valve stem guide is exposed to coolin water .on two sidesthereof throughout siibstantially the entire length of said;

although serving a usefulpurpose as com-. pared with the prior art, suii ersthe disadvantage that the inner wall of an auxiliary.

guide; but the mentioned patent construction,

jacket is identical with the outer wall of the valve guide throughout an extended portion thereof,less than half the length of said guide being completely cylindrical and surrounded on all sides by cooling water; and it maybe referred to as a development from the device of the mentioned patent, not only to increase the'area of exposure of valve guides, used in conjunction with-exhaust ports, to cooling water but to obviate such distortion of said guides as has resulted from a lack of symmetry in the configuration of parts asso-. ciated therewith and from a consequent ine- I .2 of Fig.1, but with parts broken away somei quality in the expansion effect resulting from A such gases. This not only obviates risk that conduction of heat thereto and therefrom.

Broadly, it is an object of the present invention to maintain a valve stem guide in accurate alignment or concentric relationship with a valve seat by protecting substantially the entire length of the valve stemguide from direct contact with exhaust gases and/or from direct contact with walls exposed to the valve will imperfectly engage its seat .but

1 also minimizes the expansion of the valve stem and reduces, the clearance requlredw th is an object of the present invention, which indicated by the line 11 of Fig. 2.

1930. Serial No. 464,042.

the tappet,the result being an increasedefficiency and reliability of action at all temperatures and under all conditions of operation; and preferred embodiments of the invention may include not only valve stem guides that are symmetrical with reference to two axial planes and are exposed throughout practically the entire length thereof to provided in cylinder blocks or to downwardly opening valves provided in head blocks or elsewhere (both the inner and the outer walls of initially divergent passages being exposedto the cooling water substantially throughout the length thereof and said passages being either convergent or divergent or substantially parallel in the region of their separate communication with an exhaust manifold) may be best appreciated from the following description of illustrative embodiments thereof, taken in connection with the appended claims and the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through an engine block provided with one embodiment of the present invention, parts being broken away more deeply than is 'F-ig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view, taken substantially as indicated by the arrow by the arrow 6 of Fig. 4, but showing a pair of exhaust passages as more widely divergent than are those of Figs. 4 and 5, and showing additionally a part ofan exhaust manifold, of special construction, adapted tocooperate with said passages. i a I Referring first to the form illustrated, "in

,Figs. 1, 2 and 3, it is hereinassumedthatth'e jgeneralrelationship of parts will be obvious upon an inspection of said figures orrupon reference to the mentioned patent,any suitable cylinder block lO'being ordinarily 'pro-. vided with a plurality of cylinders 11, each of which is in communication with some inl2,vthe latter leading to an exhaust-opening.

controlled by'a poppetvalve having a stem 14 and ahead 15, to engage a seat 16.

Inthe.present'construction, the opening 13 i is shown as communicating with separate exhaust ports 16, 16 by a'pair of passages 17 17, divergent from said opening and from 1 'one another in the upper portions thereof but 7 substantially parallel in their lower portions;

but, it should be understood that said lower portions may be either parallel, convergent or divergent, provided they are so spaced from a guide 18, for the'valve. stem 14:, asto admit coolingjwater (delivered to a space 19 surrounding the passages 17, 17') to substantially the entire'lengthof said guide. That is tosay,not only outer walls'QO, 20 of the l passages 17, 17, but inner'walls'21, 21 of said "that guide 18, shown as cylindrical through- I out substantially theile ngth thereof, maybe 7 s so separate from saidpassages as "toexpose. "4 said guide to cooling water and thereby to 1 gasesthrough said walls to said guide. fFig.

passages are intended" to "be outwardly divergent injthe region 'referredftd'in order obviate conduction of the heat of exhaust '1- diagrammatically suggests the admission of cooling water through an opening 2 2,from

which'it may circulate on all sides of the"; guide 18 and on allsidesofthe passages 17,

1 17 T before finding exit into a 'head 23'through 25 and a gasket at '26; 'butno effort is made "addition ofa-n a.

' In Figs; 1 and5, a head block 23a, provided fwith water passages 19a, is shown as incl-u dffin'galso an intake port 27 a; controlled by a ,"popp etvalve 28a engaginga seat "29a; but the no pliedinthese figures, onlyin' connection ,withprinciples of the present inventionare ap-' exhaust:passages,17a, 17a, shown 'asudidiverging from an opening 13a. fThis'is cona t ol e byla a vei mp s ige t 1 n 'he'ad 15, said passages being nnany conrams take port,not shown, and also with a passage other exterior surface .offsaid guide substantially throughout the length thereof.

' i F ig. 16, including few details as to the con ,struction-of block pr; a valye comprising ahead 156, will be seen to suggest a comparatively wide and continuous divergence of exihaust passages 1755,1765, terminating in ports at 16?), 16b but it will be understood that the employment of a special manifold 30b, provided with separate branches 31b, 31b, space-dapart by'a web or webs'and/or by an opening 326, may depend upon the distance, in a given instance, between separate exhaust ports 16?), 16?) 'and thef'iniportance that may 8 v 5 be attacheclto a"stream-lining7 effect. 'Although the exact curvature given to any pair of initially divergentand continuously separate exhaust 'passagesfcontrolledl by a 7 single valve may, as indicated, belWidely varied, itwill be noted not only that all forms of the present invention contemplate some provision of a saddle-like bridge eleinentsuch as is shown at 33 in 'Figs. 1 and 2 and at 3342!; in

I I Figs. 5 and'6 (saidbridge element preferably. surrounding the cylinder 19 and separately 'ingtrans ver'sely'of-a valve'opening) but that theinterconnection of passages 17, 17 with 'oneano'ther and with guide 18 (orthe' inter:

'conne'ctionoi passages 17a, 17a with guide 18a; or the interconnect-ion of passages 17?),

176" with guide 18b) .is in all cases mainly or exclusively efleeted by means "of the bridge element; and "that said bridge element is at- "'tach ed only-at its"ends,and is exempt from any distorting strains, by reason of its symrmetry with reference to atleast two plan'esextending 'throi gh the axis thereof and intersecting at right angles toone another.

Althou-ghzthe "foregoing descriptions have included complete-details of but a limited number of embodiments ofithe; present invention it 'is-believed that-the principles relied on and the-anode of operation will be fully understood from said descriptions; and" it should be understood, n in" connection there- =wit-h," not only that various features of the present invention mightbe independently employed but also that numerous modificainformed ot the 'foregoing,-,'all without departure from thesc'opeof the present inven tio'nas tlie-latterfis indicated above and in the following claims. .Wha't Iclaim is: 7 IV 1..

' 1'. In an internal combustion-engine: av

blockproviding alspasce "for cooling water and having an open-ingwhic'h provides a seat for an exhaust valve and' a plurality of diyergent exhaust passages leading from said opening through said water space to separate outlet ports from said block.

2. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing a space for cooling water and having an opening which provides a seat for an exhaust valve having astem; and a plurality of exhaust passages leading from said opening through said water space to separate outlet ports from said block, walls of said passages being divergent from said seat opening and spaced from said stem.

3. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing a space for cooling water and having an opening which provides a seat for an exhaust valve having a stem; a valve stem guide extending through said space; and a plurality of exhaust passages leading from said opening through said space,inner walls of said passages being divergent from said seat opening and so spaced from said guide as to admit cooling water to substantially the entire length thereof.

4. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing a space for cooling water and having an opening which provides a seat for an exhaust valve having a stem; and a plurality of exhaust passages lea-ding from said opening through said water space to separate outlet ports from said block,inner walls of said passages being spaced from one another and a guide for said stem being disposed therebetween and out of contact therewith.

5. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing a space for cooling water and having an opening which provides a seat for an exhaust valve having a stem; and a plurality of exhaust passages leading from said opening through said water space to separate outlet ports from said block,said stem being provided with a guide extending through said water space and so spaced from said passages as to expose said guide substantially throughout the length thereof to cooling water in said space.

6. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing a space for cooling water and having an opening which provides a seat for an exhaust valve having a stem; and a plurality of exhaust passages leading from said opening through said water space to separate outlet ports from said block,said stem being provided with a guide extending through said water space and having the form of an exposed cylinder throughout substantially the entire length thereof.

7. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing a space for cooling water and having an opening which provides a seat for an exhaust valve having a stem; and a plurality of oppositely curved exhaust passages leading from said opening through said water space,said stem being provided with a guide so extending through said water space between said passages as to expose both said guide and said passages to the cooling water throughout substantially the entire length thereof.

8. In an internal combustion engine: a

block providing both a valved exhaust opening and a Water space through which extends a valve stem guide; and a pair of exhaust passages divergent from said opening and spaced from said guide.

9. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing both a valved exhaust opening and a water space through which extends a valve stem guide; and a air of exhaust passages divergent from said opening and leading to separate ports in said block.

10. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing both a valved exhaust opening and a water space through which extends a valve stem guide; a pair of exhaust passages divergent from said opening and leading to separate ports in said block; and a manifold, in engagement with said block, provided with correspondingly spaced openings.

11. In an internal combustion engine: a block providing both a valved exhaust opening and also a water chamber through which extends a valve stem guide; a bridge extending transversely of said opening and supporting one end of said guide; and a pair of exhaust passages divergent from said opening and also supported from said bridge.

ROBERT J ARDINE. 

